TROPARUL ŞI VIAŢA SF. EPIFANIE ŞI GHERMAN

12 mai

Pomenirea celui între sfinţi, părintele nostru Epifanie arhiepiscopul Salaminei Ciprului.

Marele şi minunatul Epifanie a fost din ţara Feniciei, din ţinutul Elefterapolei. Şi fiind bine crescut în casă, după cum este obiceiul la oamenii săraci şi plugari, el a strălucit cu fapta bună cea către Dumnezeu şi s-a ridicat la înălţimea cea desăvârşită a petrecerii celei binecredincioase. Căci părinţii săi fiind evrei, au rămas în slujba şi în umbra Legii şi n-au putut să vadă lumina harului. Iar el a alergat la credinţa cea adevărată a lui Hristos, aflând o mică pricină. Căci tămăduindu-i un creştin, Cleovie, rana ce pătimise, căzând de pe un asin ce încălecase, atunci sfântul a luat îndoială în cugetul lui şi nu se îngrijea mult de slujba Legii.

Şi după aceea aflând pe un oarecare monah, anume Luchian, îl văzu vorbind cu un sărac, care cerea milostenie, căruia i-a dat şi acoperământul său, adică rasa, şi îndată acel Luchian a fost îmbrăcat de sus cu veşmânt alb. Care lucru văzându-l Epifanie, a trecut la credinţa creştinească. Şi a primit sfântul Botez de la episcop. Iar minunile ce a făcut de atunci este cu anevoie a le povesti cineva cu amănuntul. Atât numai trebuie să spunem: că fiind foarte tânăr de vârstă, şi primind credinţa în Hristos, îndată s-a făcut cu cuviinţă monah, şi a întrecut pe toţi cei de vârsta sa, cu răbdarea şi cu trudele cele pustniceşti. Şi ajungând la plinirea arhieriei, după ce făcuse petrecere pustnicească şi mulţime de minuni şi tămăduiri la mulţi bolnavi, în vremea cea de pe urmă după preoţie, a făcut mulţime de scrieri şi a învăţat pe toţi învăţătura drept-măritoare, pentru care a avut multe de suferit din partea ereticilor.

Deci trăind ani o sută cincisprezece ani şi trei luni, precum însuşi el a răspuns către Arcadie împăratul ce-l întrebase, şi-a dat sufletul către Domnul. Însă nu în scaunul său, ci întorcându-se de la Constantinopol la Cipru, eparhia sa, după cum a scris marele Ioan Gură de Aur către dânsul, că adică nu va ajunge la scaunul său, fiindcă din prostimea inimii, şi sfântul acesta se unise cu aceia ce au izgonit pe dumnezeiescul Ioan Gură de Aur; deci a răspuns şi dumnezeiescul Epifanie marelui Hrisostom cum că nici el nu va ajunge să meargă la locul unde îl vor izgoni. Pentru aceasta s-au şi împlinit proorociile amândurora.

Si-a dat sufletul in mâinile lui Dumnezeu pe corabie, in ziua de 12 mai 403, dupa ce a lasat cu limba de moarte ucenicilor sai sa pastreze credinta dreapta si sa nu se lase atrasi de bogatie si de bârfa. La sosirea corabiei la Salamina popor mult, cu lumânari în mâini îsi astepta pastorul, si l-au însotit cu lacrimi pâna la catedrala sa, unde o mare parte a populatiei Ciprului a venit sa-l venereze timp de 7 zile.

Cultul sfântului Epifanie s-a raspândit cu repeziciune, iar mormântul sau a ramas pâna azi unul din locurile de pelerinaj cele mai importante din insula Ciprului, al carei patron este, împreuna cu safântul apostol Barnaba.

Tot în această zi, pomenirea celui dintre sfinţi, părintele nostru Gherman, patriarhul Constantinopolei.

Acest părinte al nostru Gherman a fost fiul lui Iustinian Patriciul, care era bărbat luminat şi vestit în zilele împăratului Heraclie, ocârmuind multe domnii sub stăpânirea lui Iustinian Patriciul, fiind lăudat de sfatul împărătesc pentru faptele lui cu desăvârşire bune şi pentru dreapta credinţă, a fost zavistuit de nepotul lui Heraclie, adică de Constantin Pogonatul şi omorât, iar feciorul lui, sfântul Gherman, fiind foarte mic, a fost castrat şi rânduit în clerul bisericii celei mari din Constantinopol.

Acesta socotind ceea ce i s-a întâmplat ca o aflare folositoare, s-a dat la citirea dumne-zeieştilor Scripturi. Şi suindu-se şi sporind spre multă cunoştinţă cu ascuţimea firii sale, şi cu cele de-a pururea osteneli şi îndreptându-şi bine viaţa sa, a fost hirotonit episcop bisericii Cizicului, neluând însă fieştecum treptele, ci cu orânduială. După aceea, trebuind bisericilor ocârmuire înţeleaptă, a fost trecut din Cizic la scaunul cel mare al Constantinopolului, unde bine purtând cârma şi îndreptând poporul lui Dumnezeu cu multe învăţături şi tâlcuind cele mai adânci şi cu anevoie de priceput părţi ale Scripturii, şi luminând bisericile credincioşilor cu prăznuitoare cuvinte şi laude, şi îmblânzind şi îndulcind greutatea şi asprimea privegherilor cu versuri şi cu cântări.

Iar Leon Isaurul, ţinând împărăţia creştinilor tirăneşte, a început întâi a huli asupra lui Dumnezeu, şi s-a apucat a ocărî sfintele icoane, şi nici nu asculta cele mai bune dovediri ce se făceau din Sfintele Scripturi, cum că trebuie a se da cinste şi închinăciune sfintelor icoane, ci încă a ars şi cărţile care erau scrise spre ajutorul sfintelor icoane. Din aceasta cunoscând sfântul că învăţa pe un surd şi fără de ruşine şi ne-priceput, punându-şi omoforul pe sfânta masă, a ieşit din Patriarhie, şi mergând la părinteasca sa casă ce se zicea a lui Platanie, acolo sta în linişte. Şi în bune bătrâneţi viaţa şi-a sfârşit, trecând peste nouăzeci de ani, iar sfintele lui moaşte nu numai când erau aduse la îngropare au vindecat pe mulţi de feluri de boli, ci şi după îngropare izvorăsc totdeauna vindecări celor ce cu credinţă se apropie de ele. Deci le-au îngropat în sfânta mânăstire a locului. Şi se face praznicul lui în sfânta biserică cea mare.

Ὁ Ἅγιος Ἐπιφάνιος Ἐπίσκοπος Κωνσταντίας καὶ Ἀρχιεπίσκοπος Κύπρου

Ὁ Ἅγιος Ἐπιφάνιος γεννήθηκε στὸ χωριὸ Βησανδούκη τὸ 310 μ.Χ., κοντὰ στὴν Ἐλευθερούπολη τῆς Παλαιστίνης ἀπὸ πάμφτωχη οἰκογένεια Ἰουδαίων ἀγροτῶν. Οἱ γονεῖς του εἶχαν ἀκόμη ἕνα παιδί, τὴν Καλλίτροπο. Σὲ ἡλικία δέκα ἐτῶν ὁ Ἅγιος ἔχασε τὸν πατέρα του καὶ ἔμεινε ὀρφανός.

Χάρη στὴ διδασκαλία δύο περίφημων γιὰ τὴν γραμματική τους κατάρτιση καὶ τὸ ἀσκητικὸ ἦθος μοναχῶν, τοῦ Λουκιανοῦ καὶ τοῦ Ἰλαρίωνος, προσελκύεται στὸν Χριστιανισμὸ καὶ βαπτίζεται ἀπὸ τὸν Ἐπίσκοπο Ἐλευθερουπόλεως Λουκιανό. Στὴν συνέχεια πηγαίνει στὴν ἔρημο τῆς Παλαιστίνης καὶ ζεῖ κοντὰ στοὺς ἐπιφανέστερους ἀσκητές, ἀσκούμενος στὴν ἐγκράτεια, τὴν ἄσκηση καὶ τὴν μελέτη τῶν Θείων Γραφῶν, γενόμενος ὑπόδειγμα γιὰ τοὺς συνασκητές του. Ἡ φήμη του καὶ οἱ ἀρετές του δὲν ἄργησαν νὰ διαδοθοῦν καὶ γρήγορα ἀναδείχθηκε, τὸ 367 μ.Χ., Ἐπίσκοπος Κωνσταντίας τῆς Κύπρου, στὴν ὁποία κατέφυγε μὲ θαυματουργικὸ τρόπο, ὅταν τὸ πλοῖο ποὺ ἐπέπλεε πρὸς τὴν Παλαιστίνη, λόγω τρικυμίας, ἔφθασε στὴν Κύπρο.

Ἀπὸ τὴν θέση τοῦ Ἐπισκόπου ὁ Ἅγιος ἄρχισε τὸν εὐαγγελισμὸ τοῦ ποιμνίου του καὶ ἀγωνίσθηκε μὲ θερμότατο ζῆλο γιὰ τὴ διατήρηση καὶ ἐνίσχυση τῶν ὀρθοδόξων δογμάτων, καταπολεμώντας ὅλες τὶς αἱρετικὲς δοξασίες καὶ πλάνες τῆς ἐποχῆς του καὶ ἰδιαίτερα ἐκεῖνες τοῦ Ὠριγένους. Κάνοντας συνεχὴ χρήση τῶν λόγων τῆς Ἁγίας Γραφῆς καὶ γράφοντας πλῆθος ἀντιαιρετικῶν συγγραμμάτων, ἀγωνίσθηκε γιὰ νὰ κρατήσει τοὺς πιστοὺς στὴν ἀνόθευτη χριστιανικὴ πίστη. Ὁ εὐαγγελισμὸς τῆς νήσου ὁλοκληρώνεται στὰ χρόνια τοῦ Ἀρχιεπισκόπου Κωνσταντίας Ἐπιφανίου στὸ τελευταῖο ἥμισυ τοῦ 4^ου αἰῶνος μ.Χ. Ὁ μεγάλος αὐτὸς ἱεράρχης, μὲ τὴν δύναμη τοῦ χαρακτῆρος του, τὴν παιδεία καὶ τὴν δογματικὴ κατάρτισή του, ἀγωνίσθηκε σκληρὰ κατὰ τῶν αἱρετικῶν, ἀλλὰ καὶ κατὰ τῶν ἀλλοθρήσκων. Τόσο καθολικὴ ἦταν ἡ ἀναγνώριση καὶ ἡ βαθιὰ ἐκτίμηση πρὸς τὸ πρόσωπο τοῦ Ἁγίου Ἐπιφανίου, ὥστε ὁ αὐτοκράτορας Θεοδόσιος ὁ Α’ ζήτησε ἀπὸ τὸν λαὸ τῆς Κύπρου ἀπόλυτη ὑπακοὴ στὸν Ἀρχιεπίσκοπο Κωνσταντίας.

Μετὰ ἀπὸ τριάντα ἕξι ἔτη γόνιμης καὶ ἐποικοδομητικῆς ἀρχιερατικῆς διακονίας καὶ προσφορᾶς, κοιμήθηκε μὲ εἰρήνη τὸ 403 μ.Χ. Τὸ τίμιο λείψανό του μετακόμισε στὴν Κωνσταντινούπολη ὁ αὐτοκράτορας Λέων ΣΤ’ ὁ Σοφός. Ἡ Σύναξή του ἐτελεῖτο στὸν ἁγιότατο οἶκο του, ποὺ ἦταν στὸ ναὸ τοῦ Ἁγίου Φιλήμονος.
Ὁ Ἐπιφάνιος Κωνσταντίας ἔκτισε τὴν μεγάλη βασιλικὴ (δὲν τὴν ὁλοκλήρωσε μέχρι τὸν θάνατό του), τῆς ὁποίας τὰ ἐρείπια διασώζονται μέχρι τὶς ἡμέρες μας. Ὁ μεγάλος αὐτὸς Ἀρχιεπίσκοπος, πολὺ σημαντικὸς διδάσκαλος καὶ πατέρας τῆς Ἐκκλησίας, ὑπῆρξε καὶ ἀξιόλογος συγγραφέας. Τὰ ἔργα του «Πανάριον», «Ἀγκυρωτός», «Περὶ μέτρων καὶ σταθμῶν», «Περὶ τῶν δώδεκα λίθων τῶν ὄντων ἐν τοῖς στολισμοῖς τοῦ Ἀαρών», ἀποτελοῦν πολύτιμα πετράδια στὸ μέγα ψηφιδωτὸ τῆς Πατερικῆς Γραμματείας.
Ἀπολυτίκιον. Ἦχος γ’. Θείας πίστεως.

Θείας πίστεως, ἔγνως τὴν χάριν, καὶ θεόφθογγον, ἔσχηκας γλῶσσαν, Ἱεράρχα σοφέ Ἐπιφάνιε· ὅθεν δογμάτων ὀρθαῖς ἀναπτύξεσιν, αἱρετικῶν θριαμβεύεις τὴν ἄνοιαν. Πάτερ Ὅσιε, Χριστὸν τὸν Θεὸν ἱκέτευε, δωρήσασθαι ἡμῖν τὸ μέγα ἔλεος.

Ἕτερον Ἀπολυτίκιον. Ἦχος α’. Τῆς ἐρήμου πολίτης.
Τοὺς διττοὺς ὑποφήτας τῆς ἀνάρχου Θεότητος, τῶν θεοτυπώτων δογμάτων, τοὺς πανσόφους ἐκφάντορας, σὺν τῷ Ἐπιφανίῳ τῷ κλεινῷ, ὑμνήσωμεν τὸν θεῖον Γερμανόν· ὡς λαμπροὶ γὰρ τῶν ἀρρήτων μυσταγωγοί, πυρσεύουσι τοὺς κράζοντας· δόξα τῷ στεφανώσαντι ὑμᾶς, δόξα τῷ μεγαλύναντι, δόξα τῷ βεβαιοῦντι δι’ ὑμῶν, πίστιν τὴν Ὀρθόδοξον.
Κοντάκιον. Ἦχος πλ. δ’. Τῇ ὑπερμάχῳ.

Ὡς Ἱεράρχης τοῦ Σωτῆρος ἐνθεώτατος

Τῆς ἐν τῇ Κύπρῳ Ἐκκλησίας ποιμὴν ἄριστος

Καὶ τοῦ Πνεύματος δοχεῖον λαμπρὸν ἐδείχθης.

Ἀλλ’ ὡς ἔχων παρρησίαν πρὸς τὸν Κύριον

Καθικέτευε λυτροῦσθαι πάσης θλίψεως

Τοὺς βοῶντάς σοι· χαίροις Πάτερ Ἐπιφάνιε.

Ἕτερον Κοντάκιον. Ἦχος δ’. Ὁ ὑψωθεὶς ἐν τῷ Σταυρῷ.
Ἱεραρχῶν τὴν θαυμαστὴν ξυνωρίδα, ἀνευφημήσωμεν πιστοὶ κατὰ χρέος, σὺν Γερμανῷ τὸν θεῖον Ἐπιφάνιον· οὗτοι γὰρ κατέφλεξαν, τῶν ἀθέων τὰς γλώσσας, δόγματα δοφώτατα, διαθέμενοι πᾶσι, τοῖς ὀρθοδόξως μέλπουσιν ἀεί, τῆς εὐσεβείας τὸ μέγα μυστήριον.
Μεγαλυνάριον.

Χαίροις Ἐπιφάνιε ἱερέ, Κύπρου ποιμενάρχα, Ἐκκλησίας πάσης φωστήρ· χαίροις Ὀρθοδόξων, δογμάτων μυστογράφε, καὶ τῶν σοὶ ὁμωνύμων, πρέσβυς πρὸς Κύριον.

Ἕτερον Μεγαλυνάριον.
Φῶς ὁ Ἐπιφάνιος νοητόν, λάμψας ἐν τοῖς λόγοις, καταυγάζει τοὺς εὐσεβεῖς· γέρας δ’ ἀληθείας, ὁ Γερμανὸς παρέχει, τῇ Ἐκκλησίᾳ πάσῃ· οὓς μεγαλύνομεν.

St Epiphanius the Bishop of Cyprus

Commemorated on May 12

Saint Epiphanius, Bishop of Cyprus, „a last relic of ancient piety,” as St. Jerome calls him, lived during the fourth century in Phoenicia. The Roman empress Honoria was his sister. He was of Jewish descent, and in his youth he received a fine education. He was converted to Christianity after seeing how a certain monk named Lucian gave away his clothing to a poor person. Struck by the monk’s compassion, Epiphanius asked to be instructed in Christianity.

He was baptized and became a disciple of St. Hilarion the Great (October 21). Entering the monastery, he progressed in the monastic life under the guidance of the experienced Elder Hilarion, and he occupied himself with copying Greek books.

Because of his ascetic struggles and virtues, St. Epiphanius was granted the gift of wonderworking. In order to avoid human glory, he left the monastery and went into the Spanidrion desert. Robbers caught him there and held him captive for three months. By speaking of repentance, the saint brought one of the robbers to faith in the true God. When they released the holy ascetic, the robber also went with him. St. Epiphanius took him to his monastery and baptized him with the name John. From that time, he became a faithful disciple of St. Epiphanius, and he carefully documented the life and miracles of his instructor.

Reports of the righteous life of St. Epiphanius spread far beyond the monastery. The saint went a second time into the desert with his disciple John. Even in the wilderness disciples started to come to him, so he established a new monastery for them.

After a certain time, St. Epiphanius made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem to venerate its holy shrines, and then returned to the Spanidrion monastery. The people of Lycia sent the monk Polybios to St. Epiphanius asking him to take the place of their dead archpastor. When he learned of this intention, the clairvoyant ascetic secretly went into the Pathysian desert to the great ascetic St. Hilarion (October 21), under whose guidance he had learned asceticism in his youth.

The saints spent two months in prayer, and then Hilarion sent St. Epiphanius to Salamis. Bishops were gathered there to choose a new archpastor to replace one who recently died. The Lord revealed to the eldest of them, Bishop Papius, that St. Epiphanius should be chosen bishop. When Epiphanius arrived, St. Papius led him into the church, where in obedience to the will of the participants of the Council, Epiphanius agreed to be their bishop. St. Epiphanius was consecrated as Bishop of Salamis in 367.

St. Epiphanius won renown because of his great zeal for the Faith, his love and charity toward the poor, and his simplicity of character. He suffered much from the slander and enmity of some of his clergy. Because of the purity of his life, St. Epiphanius was permitted to see the coming of the Holy Spirit upon the Gifts at Divine Liturgy. Once, when the saint was celebrating the Mystery, he did not see this vision. He then became suspicious of one of the clergy and quietly said to him, „Depart, my son, for you are unworthy to participate in the celebration of the Mystery today.”

At this point, the writings of his disciple John break off, because he became sick and died. The further record of the life of St. Epiphanius was continued by another of his disciples, Polybios (afterwards bishop of city of Rinocyreia).

Through the intrigues of the empress Eudoxia and the Patriarch Theophilos of Alexandria, towards the end of his life St. Epiphanius was summoned to Constantinople to participate in the Synod of the Oak, which was convened to judge the great saint, John Chrysostom (September 14 and November 13). Once he realized that he was being manipulated by Chrysostom’s enemies, St. Epiphanius left Constantinople, unwilling to take part in an unlawful council.

As he was sailing home on a ship, the saint sensed the approach of death, and he gave his disciples final instructions: to keep the commandments of God, and to preserve the mind from impure thoughts. He died two days later. The people of Salamis met the body of their archpastor with carriages, and on May 12, 403 they buried him in a new church which he himself had built.

The Seventh Ecumenical Council named St. Epiphanius as a Father and Teacher of the Church. In the writings of St. Epiphanius, the PANARIUM and the ANCHORATUS are refutations of Arianism and other heresies. In his other works are found valuable church traditions, and directives for the Greek translation of the Bible.

In his zeal to preserve the purity of the Orthodox Faith, St. Epiphanius could sometimes be rash and tactless. In spite of any impetuous mistakes he may have made, we must admire St. Epiphanius for his dedication in defending Orthodoxy against false teachings. After all, one of the bishop’s primary responsibilities is to protect his flock from those who might lead them astray.

We also honor St. Epiphanius for his deep spirituality, and for his almsgiving. No one surpassed him in his tenderness and charity to the poor, and he gave vast sums of money to those in need.

St Germanus the Patriarch of Constantinople

Commemorated on May 12

Saint Germanus, Patriarch of Constantinople, was born at Constantinople in the seventh century. His father, a prominent senator, was killed by order of the emperor Constantine Pogonatos (668-685). The young Germanus was emasculated and sent to a monastery, where he studied Holy Scripture.

Because of the sanctity of his life, Germanus was made bishop in the city of Cyzicus. St Germanus rose up in defense of the Orthodox Faith against the iconoclast heretics. He was later made Patriarch of Constantinople. St Germanus continued to stand up against the iconoclasts and to their spokesman, the heretical emperor Leo III the Isaurian (717-741), but the contest was unequal. He was forced to put his omophorion upon the altar table in the sanctuary, and to resign the archpastoral throne. Then the enraged emperor, who accused the Patriarch of heresy the day before, sent soldiers, who beat the saint and threw him out of the patriarchal residence. St Germanus was Patriarch for fourteen years and five months.

He went to a monastery, where he spent the remaining days of his life. The holy Patriarch Germanus died in the year 740, at age ninety-five, and was buried in the Chora monastery in Constantinople. Afterwards, his relics were transferred to France.

At the Seventh Ecumenical Council (787), the name of Patriarch Germanus was included in the diptychs of the saints. He wrote a „Meditation on Church Matters or Commentary on the Liturgy;” also an explanation of the difficult passages of Holy Scripture, and another work on the rewards of the righteous after death.

His important work on the various heresies that had arisen since apostolic times, and on the church councils that took place during the reign of the emperor Leo the Iconoclast, provides a wealth of historical information. There are also three letters from the Patriarch about the veneration of icons, which were read at the Seventh Ecumenical Council.

His other works include hymns in praise of the saints, discourses on the Feasts of the Entry into the Temple, the Annunciation and the Dormition of the Most Holy Theotokos, and on the restoration of the church in honor of the Placing of the Venerable Zone of the Most Holy Theotokos.