Απολυτίκιο Αγ. Αποστόλου Σίμωνος – 10 ΜΑΙΟΥ

TROPARUL ŞI VIAŢA SF. AP. SIMON ZILOTUL 

10 MAI

În această lună, în ziua a zecea, pomenirea sfântului apostol Simon Zilotul, adică râvnitorul.

Acesta este Simon, care se numeşte şi Natanael, cel ce a fost mire la nunta cea din Cana, unde a fost chemat Hristos cu ucenicii Săi şi a prefăcut apa în vin. Deci văzând Simon minunea aceasta a lăsat mireasa, nunta şi casa, şi a urmat după Hristos, prietenul şi făcătorul de minuni şi aducătorul de mireasă, şi Mirele sufletelor celor curate. El a fost cu apostolii în foişor, când s-a pogorât Duhul Sfânt în chip de limbi de foc, şi umplându-se de Acesta şi înconjurând mai tot pământul, a ars toată înşelăciunea mulţimii zeilor, şi trecând prin toată Mauritania şi prin Africa a propovăduit pe Hristos. Şi după aceea mergând în Britania, şi luminând pe mulţi cu cuvântul Evangheliei, a fost răstignit şi îngropat acolo; şi precum a avut râvnă fierbinte spre Atotţiitorul Dumnezeu, a dobândit şi numele după chipurile şi obiceiurile sale.

Ὁ Ἅγιος Σίμων ὁ Ἀπόστολος ὁ Ζηλωτής

Ὁ Ἀπόστολος Σίμων, ἕνας ἀπὸ τοὺς δώδεκα Μαθητὲς τοῦ Κυρίου, ἀδελφὸς τοῦ Ἰούδα τοῦ Λεββαίου, εἶχε τὴν ἐπωνυμία Καναναῖος ἢ Κανανίτης. Ἡ ἐπωνυμία αὐτὴ δὲν φανερώνει τὴν καταγωγὴ τοῦ Ἀποστόλου Σίμωνος ἀπὸ τὴ Χαναὰν ἢ τὴν Κανᾶ τῆς Γαλιλαίας. Ἡ λέξη «Καναναῖος» εἶναι Χαλδαϊκὴ καὶ σημαίνει «Ζηλωτής». Πράγματι ὁ Εὐαγγελιστὴς Λουκᾶς τὸν προσονομάζει ὡς «Ζηλωτή».

Οἱ ζηλωτὲς ἀποτελοῦσαν μία ξεχωριστὴ κοινωνικὴ τάξη στὴν Ἰουδαϊκὴ κοινωνία κατὰ τοὺς χρόνους τοῦ Χριστοῦ. Ἀποτελοῦνταν ἀπὸ λαϊκοὺς ἀγωνιστές, οἱ ὁποῖοι μάχονταν ἐναντίον τῶν Ρωμαίων κατακτητῶν, συνεχίζοντας τὴν παράδοση τῶν Μακκαβαίων ἐπαναστατῶν. Ὅμως συχνά, πολλοὶ ἀπὸ αὐτούς, ἐκμεταλλεύονταν τὸν ἀπελευθερωτικὸ ἀγῶνα καὶ καταντοῦσαν τύραννοι τοῦ ἰδίου τοῦ λαοῦ τους. Προέβαιναν σὲ παράνομες πράξεις βίας καὶ ληστειῶν γιὰ ἴδιο ὄφελος καὶ γι’ αὐτὸ τὸν 1^ο αἰώνα μ.Χ. εἶχε ἀναπτυχθεῖ λαϊκὴ δυσαρέσκεια κατὰ τοῦ κινήματος τῶν ζηλωτῶν. Οἱ συσταυρούμενοι μὲ τὸν Κύριο ληστὲς ἦταν ζηλωτές.

Δὲν γνωρίζουμε ἂν ὁ Σίμων ἀνῆκε στὴν μερίδα τῶν ζηλωτῶν ἢ προερχόταν ἀπὸ αὐτή. Τὸ πιὸ πιθανὸ εἶναι νὰ προερχόταν ἀπὸ τοὺς ζηλωτές. Σὲ καμιὰ περίπτωση δὲν μπορεῖ νὰ ἀνῆκε ταυτόχρονα καὶ στοὺς ζηλωτές, διότι τὸ ζηλωτικὸ κίνημα ἦταν ἀντίθετο μὲ τὴν διδασκαλία τοῦ Κυρίου. Ὑπάρχει βέβαια καὶ μία ἄλλη ὑπόθεση γιὰ τὸν Ἀπόστολο Σίμωνα. Εἶναι πιθανὸ νὰ μὴν εἶχε καμία σχέση μὲ τοὺς ζηλωτὲς καὶ τὸ προσωνύμιο «Ζηλωτής» νὰ σήμαινε τὸν ἔνθεο ζῆλο του.

Κάποιοι ταυτίζουν τὸν Ἀπόστολο Σίμωνα μὲ τὸ νυμφίο τοῦ γάμου τῆς Κανᾶ, ὅπου ὁ Κύριος ἔκανε τὸ πρῶτο θαῦμα Του, μεταβάλλοντας τὸ νερὸ σὲ κρασί. Ὅμως  ἰσχυρισμὸς αὐτὸς δὲν ἔχει κανένα ἱστορικὸ ἔρεισμα καὶ πρόκειται γιὰ αὐθαίρετη ὑπόθεση.
Κατὰ τὴν παράδοση, ὁ Ἀπόστολος Σίμων μετὰ τὴν Πεντηκοστή, μετέβη καὶ κήρυξε τὸν θεῖο Λόγο στὴν Αἴγυπτο, Ἀφρικὴ καὶ Λιβύη. Ἀργότερα, μετέβη μὲ τὸν Ἰούδα τὸν Θαδδαῖο στὴ Μεσοποταμία καὶ Περσία, συνελήφθη καὶ ὑπέστη τὸν διὰ σταυροῦ μαρτυρικὸ θάνατο.
Ἀπολυτίκιον. Ἦχος γ’. Θείας πίστεως.
Ζῆλος ἔνθεος, καταλαβών σε, τοῦ γνωσθέντος σοι, σαρκὸς ἐν εἴδει, ζηλωτὴν ἐν Ἀποστόλοις ἀνέδειξε· καὶ τοῦ Δεσπότου ζηλώσας τὸν θάνατον, διὰ Σταυροῦ πρὸς αὐτὸν ἐξεδήμησας· Σίμων ἔνδοξε, Χριστὸν τὸν Θεὸν ἱκέτευε, δωρήσασθαι ἡμῖν τὸ μέγα ἔλεος.
Κοντάκιον. Ἦχος β’. Τοὺς ἀσφαλεῖς.
Τὸν ἀσφαλῶς, τὰ τῆς σοφίας δόγματα, ἐν ταῖς ψυχαῖς, τῶν εὐσεβούντων θέμενον, ἐν αἰνέσει μακαρίσωμεν, τὸν θεηγόρον πάντες Σίμωνα· τῷ θρόνῳ γὰρ τῆς δόξης νῦν παρίσταται, καὶ σὺν Ἀσωμάτοις ἐπαγάλλεται, πρεσβεύων ἀπαύστως ὑπὲρ πάντων ἡμῶν.
Μεγαλυνάριον.
Ζηλῶν διαπύρως ὦ Ζηλωτά, τῷ σὲ θεηγόρον, ἀναδείξαντι Μαθητήν, ζηλωτὴς ἐν πᾶσι, καὶ μιμητὴς ὡράθης, ὦ Σίμων Χριστοκῆρυξ, τοῦ σὲ δοξάσαντος.

Commemorated on May 10

Saint Simon was from Cana in Galilee, and was known to the Lord and His Mother. Tradition says that he was the bridegroom at the wedding where the Savior performed His first miracle. After witnessing the miracle of the water which had been turned into wine, he became a zealous follower of Christ. For this reason, he is known as St Simon the Zealot.

St Simon was one of the twelve Apostles, and received the Holy Spirit with the others on Pentecost. He traveled to many places from Britain to the Black Sea, proclaiming the Gospel of Christ. After winning many pagans to the Lord, St Simon suffered martyrdom by crucifixion.

St Demetrius of Rostov says that this St Simon is to be distinguished from the Apostle Simon Peter, and from the Lord’s relative Simon (Mt.13:55), who was the second Bishop of Jerusalem.

St Simon is also commemorated on June 30 with the other Apostles.